Trudy Gold
Bundism, Zionism, or International Socialism? 1881-1914
Summary
The lecture delves into the historical context of Bundism, Zionism, and International Socialism, elucidating their significance among Eastern European Jews. Bundism emerged as the predominant movement, resonating deeply with young Jews, while International Socialism, though smaller in numbers, held sway due to its leadership’s Jewish composition. The lecture underscores the challenges faced by Jews in Eastern Europe, particularly during the reigns of Alexander III and Nicholas II, which precipitated a significant exodus.
Trudy Gold
Trudy Gold was the CEO of the London Jewish Cultural Centre and a founding member of the British delegation to the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA). Throughout her career she taught modern Jewish history at schools, universities, and to adult groups and ran seminars on Holocaust education in the UK, Eastern Europe, and China. She also led Jewish educational tours all over the world. Trudy was the educational director of the student resources “Understanding the Holocaust” and “Holocaust Explained” and the author of The Timechart History of Jewish Civilization.
Not officially, but many of them were allowed to study by more lenient parents. What is fascinating is how many Jewish women actually took up secular education. In the records of the University of Vienna and women, you get a disproportionate number of Jewish women there.
According to the chart, I think it was about 25,000.
They did at first, but not in Poland. Once the Bund was reconstituted in Poland, because it was illegal in Russia after the Revolution, it becomes more and more atheistic.